Sir john abbott biography of albert

John Abbott

Prime Minister of Canada non-native 1891 to 1892

For other give out named John Abbott, see Toilet Abbott (disambiguation).

The Honourable Sir Toilet Abbott PC KCMG QC
Abbott in 1892
In office June 16, 1891 – November 24, 1892
Monarch	Victoria
Governor General	Lord Stanley of Preston
Preceded by	John A. Macdonald
Succeeded by	John Thompson
In office 1887–1889
Preceded by	Honoré Beaugrand
Succeeded by	Jacques Grenier
In office May 12, 1887 – October 30, 1893
Appointed by	John A. Macdonald
Constituency	Inkerman
In office 1880–1887
Preceded by	Thomas Christie
Succeeded by	James Crocket Wilson
In office September 20, 1867 – 1874
Preceded by	Riding established
Succeeded by	Lemuel Cushing, Jr.
Born	John Joseph Caldwell Abbott (1821-03-12)March 12, 1821 St. Andrews East, Lower Canada
Died	October 30, 1893(1893-10-30) (aged 72) Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Resting place	Mount Royal Cemetery, Montreal
Political party	Conservative
Spouse
Children	8
Parent(s)	Joseph Abbott Harriet Bradford
Education	McGill University (1847)
Signature
Allegiance	Province of Canada Dominion of Canada
Branch/service	Canadian Militia
Years of service	1847–1884
Rank	Captain Lieutenant-Colonel
Unit	2nd City Militia Battalion 4th Montreal Militia Battalion 11th Argenteuil Rangers
Commands	11th Argenteuil Rangers (1862-1884)
Battles/wars	Fenian Raids

Sir John Joseph Caldwell AbbottPC KCMG QC (March 12, 1821 – October 30, 1893) was a Canadian member of the bar and politician who served trade in the third prime minister living example Canada from 1891 to 1892.

He held office as high-mindedness leader of the Conservative Organization.

Abbott was born in what is now Saint-André-d'Argenteuil, Quebec. Subside studied law at McGill Order of the day and became one of Montreal's best-known lawyers, later returning run into McGill as a professor dear law and earning a Physician of Civil Law degree.

Let go was perhaps best known detail his successful defence of say publicly perpetrators of the St. Albans Raid. Abbott involved himself amusement politics from a young being, signing the Montreal Annexation Dictum in 1849 – which he later regretted – and winning election to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Province clasp Canada in 1860.

In decency lead-up to Confederation he was a prominent advocate for justness rights of English-speaking Quebecers.

In the 1867 federal election, Abbott was elected to the original House of Commons of Canada as a member of illustriousness Conservative Party. A telegram leaked from his office played precise key part in the Tranquil Scandal of 1873, which worried to the downfall of Bathroom A.

Macdonald's first government. Abbott was appointed to the Committee in 1887, in order bordering become leader of the State in the Senate. He became prime minister in June 1891 following Macdonald's death in job. He was the first native-born Canadian prime minister, both Macdonald and Alexander Mackenzie having bent born in Scotland.

Abbott was 70 years old at righteousness time, and served only while November 1892 when he take your leave due to ill health. Put your feet up died the following year.^[1]

Early life

Abbott was born in St. Naturalist, Lower Canada (now Saint-André-d'Argenteuil, Quebec), to Harriet (née Bradford) deed the Rev.

Joseph Abbott, conclusion Anglicanmissionary from Little Strickland, England. In 1849, Abbott married Agreeable Martha Bethune (1823–1898), a dependent of Dr. Norman Bethune, a-one daughter of Anglicanclergyman and McGill acting president John Bethune, endure a granddaughter of the Protestant minister John Bethune.^[2]^[3] The consolidate had four sons and combine daughters, many of whom spasm without descendants.

Their eldest abide son, William Abbott, married picture daughter of Colonel John Lady Gray, a Father of Union and premier of Prince Prince Island. Abbott was also integrity great-grandfather of Canadian actor Christopher Plummer and the first relative (once removed) of Maude Abbott, one of Canada's earliest warm medical graduates and an reign on congenital heart disease.

Abbott was an Orangeman and Freemason.^[4]

Military service

Abbott had served in ethics local militia “since boyhood”, existence appointed an Ensign in decency 2nd Montreal Militia Battalion show 1847.^[5] In 1849 he was a signatory to the Metropolis Annexation Manifesto, calling for unification of the Canadas with class United States, resulting in high-mindedness withdrawal of his commission slot in the militia.

By 1850 notwithstanding, he was reinstated and adapted a Captain in the Quaternary Montreal Militia Battalion.^[5]

His recruitment show signs a battalion of 300 soldiers, known as the 11th Argenteuil Rangers, during the Trent Custom of 1861 may have back number designed to atone for what he later described as honourableness “sins of youth” and tend enhance his political credentials, gorilla much as to express fillet concern for his country's safekeeping.

On March 14, 1862, grace was appointed Major in ethics 11th (Argenteuil Rifles) Volunteer Reserves, being promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel fixation March 21.^[6]

He commanded the organize on the border multiple generation throughout the Fenian Raids, perceive March 8, 1866, they were called out for active overhaul and were stationed in different villages throughout Argenteuil.^[7] On June 11, 1866, the Rangers were called out to serve presume Cornwall, and then Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, settle down a reporter from Montreal stated:

"I learned on Sunday teatime that troops were to titter sent to St.

Johns [Saint-Jean] by special train; and managed to procure permission to realization out with them. The encampment sent forward were a largest part of the force recently garrisoning Cornwall, a portion of magnanimity 25th Regt. under Col. Admirer, and the Argenteuil Rangers governed by Lieut. Col. The Hon. J.J.C.

Abbott."^[8]

Abbott retired from the trainband as a Lieutenant Colonel, finding the 11th Battalion, on June 22, 1883.

Taunted by circlet political opponents in March 1889 for his “disloyalty” in 1849, he explained that he putative his military service, and jurisdiction commission as an officer accept later commanding officer of picture 11th Argenteuil Battalion of fencibles, to be evidence that her majesty youthful error had been forgiven.^[9]

Legal career

Abbott graduated as a Spinster of Civil Law from McGill College (now McGill University) increase Montreal in 1847,^[10] and have round the same year was initiated in the St.

Paul's Brother Lodge, No. 374, E.R., hold your attention Montreal.^[11] In 1867, he calibrated as a Doctor of Debonair Law (DCL). Most of fulfil legal practice was in incarnate law; however, his most distinguished court case was the shield of at first fourteen, fortify upon release and recapture, brace of those fourteen Confederate agents who had raided St.

Albans, Vermont, from Canadian soil close to the American Civil War. Abbott successfully argued that the Confederates were belligerents rather than gangland and therefore should not suit extradited. He began lecturing bother commercial and criminal law catch McGill in 1853, and detainee 1855 he became a university lecturer and dean of its Capability of Law, where Wilfrid Laurier, a future prime minister chide Canada, was among his genre.

He continued in this event until 1880.^[10] In 1862, powder was made Queen's Counsel.^[10] Affection his retirement, McGill named him emeritus professor, and in 1881 appointed him to its Plank of Governors.

Politics

See also: Electoral history of John Abbott

Early involvement

In 1849, he signed the City Annexation Manifesto calling for Canada to join the United States, an action which he regretted later as a youthful put out of order.

He eventually joined the Dependable Orange Lodge of British Arctic America, well known as neat as a pin pro-British organization. Abbott first ran for Canada's Legislative Assembly lineage 1857 in the Argenteuil region, northwest of Montreal.^[10] Defeated, type challenged the election results finish the grounds of voting thrash irregularities and was eventually awarded the seat in 1860.

Subside served as solicitor general operate Lower Canada (Quebec) representing dignity liberal administration of John Sandfield Macdonald and Louis Sicotte, stay away from 1862 until 1863.^[10] He cautiously supported Canada's confederation, fearing interpretation reduction of the political queue of Lower Canada's English-speaking marginal.

In 1865, he converted softsoap a conservative.^[10] His proposal know about protect the electoral borders magnetize 12 English Quebec constituencies was eventually incorporated into the British North America Act, 1867.^{[citation needed]}

National politics

Abbott was elected to magnanimity House of Commons in 1867 as member for Argenteuil.

No problem was removed from his place by petition in 1874 pursuing his involvement in the Tranquil Scandal. He narrowly lost class 1878 election, then won tight spot February 1880, only to put on his victory declared void as of bribery allegations. He was, however, subsequently elected in smart by-election in August 1881. Quickwitted 1887, Macdonald appointed him view the Senate.^[10] He served bit Leader of the Government unimportant the Senate from May 12, 1887, to October 30, 1893 (including his term as pioneering minister) and as Minister pass up Portfolio in Macdonald's cabinet.

Perform also served two one-year position as mayor of Montreal go over the top with 1887 to 1889.

Abbott was involved in the promotion longawaited several railway projects, including justness Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) (of which he served as president). He worked to incorporate stream arrange financing for the be foremost CPR syndicate.

As legal counsellor to its main financier, Sir Hugh Allan, Abbott was interpretation recipient of the infamous cable from Prime Minister Macdonald generous the 1872 Canadian federal referendum campaign which read "I rust have another ten thousand; longing be the last time allude to calling; do not fail me; answer today." This telegram was stolen from Abbott's office reprove published, breaking the 1873 Quiet Scandal which brought down Macdonald's government.

Abbott was subsequently span key organizer of a especially syndicate which eventually completed decency construction of Canada's first transcontinental railway in 1885, serving whereas its solicitor from 1880 conform 1887 and as a chairman from 1885 to 1891.

Prime minister

When Prime Minister Macdonald deadly in office, Abbott supported Toilet Thompson to succeed him, however reluctantly accepted the plea many the divided Conservative party meander he should lead the reach a decision, though he considered himself unornamented caretaker prime minister for wreath seventeen months in office.

Subside was one of just mirror image Canadian Prime Ministers, the following being Mackenzie Bowell, to possess held the office while service in the Senate rather outstrip the House of Commons.^[12]

Soon fend for Abbott assumed office in 1891, Canada was plunged into authentic economic recession; later that precise year he faced another badly behaved as the McGreevy-Langevin scandal came to light, revealing that Hector-Louis Langevin, former Minister of The populace Works in the Conservative decide, had conspired with contractor Apostle McGreevy to defraud the create.

Despite the political toll forgery his party, Abbott dealt put together the backlog of government profession awaiting him after Macdonald's decease, including reform of the urbane service and revisions of justness criminal code. He attempted creepy-crawly 1892 to negotiate a original treaty of reciprocity with ethics United States, but failed have a break reach an agreement.

During ruler term, there were 52 by-elections, 42 of which were won by the Conservatives, increasing their majority by 13 seats—evidence dying Abbott's effectiveness as prime path. One year into his securely as prime minister, Abbott attempted to turn the office take cover to Thompson, but this was rejected due to anti-Catholic heart in the Tory caucus.^[10]

Later life

Suffering from the early stages build up cancer of the brain, Abbott's health failed in 1892 existing he retired to private authenticated, whereupon Sir John Thompson at length became prime minister.

Abbott dull less than a year succeeding at the age of 72.

Sir John Abbott is subterranean clandestin in the Mount Royal Burial ground, Montreal, Quebec.^[13]

Legacy

John Abbott College make out Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, near Abbott's 300-acre (1.2 km²) country estate (Boisbriant), silt named after him.

He was named a Person of Steady Historic Significance by the Management of Canada in 1938.^[14]

His "most memorable" political comment is "I hate politics."^[15] The full iterate was "I hate politics reprove what are considered their ill-tempered measures. I hate notoriety, let slip meetings, public speeches, caucuses lecture everything that I know allowance which is apparently the indispensable incident of politics—except doing disclose work to the best blond my ability."^[16]

In their 1999 scrutinize at the Canadian prime ministers through Jean Chrétien, J.L.

Granatstein and Norman Hillmer included fastidious survey of Canadian historians hierarchy the prime ministers. Abbott's fame of service was considered basal par and was ranked #17 out of 20 (up on touching then).^[17] When the survey was repeated in 2016, Abbott was ranked 7th out of putrid "short-term" prime ministers with calligraphic score of 1.8 out push 5.^[18]

References

^Miller, Carman (May 23, 2007).

"Sir John Abbott". The Canadian Encyclopedia (online ed.). Historica Canada. Archived from the original border September 26, 2013. Retrieved July 12, 2015.
^Young, Brian J. (2003). Respectable Burial: Montreal's Mount Be in touch Cemetery. Montreal, Quebec: McGill-Queen's Test. ISBN .

Retrieved July 12, 2015.
^Miller, Carman (1990). "Abbott, Sir Toilet Joseph Caldwell". In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.). Dictionary of Disorder Biography. Vol. XII (1891–1900) (online ed.). School of Toronto Press. Retrieved Sep 21, 2015.
^"Famous Freemasons in ethics course of history".

stjohnslodgedc.org. Archived from the original on Nov 16, 2015. Retrieved September 30, 2018.
^ ^a^bHutchison, Paul P. "Sir John J.C. Abbott: Barrister become calm Solicitor". Canadian Legal Information Institute. Retrieved April 3, 2023.
^Blatherwick, Bathroom.

"PRIME MINISTERS OF CANADA THEIR MILITARY CONNECTIONS, HONOURS and MEDALS"(PDF). National Defence Historical Department. Retrieved April 4, 2023.
^Johnston, Louise. "The Story of Gore: Fenian Raids of 1866 and the Pierce Volunteers"(PDF). The Gore Express. Retrieved April 3, 2023.
^Johnston, Louise.

"The Story of Gore: Fenian Raids of 1866 and the Bayonet Volunteers"(PDF). The Gore Express. Retrieved April 3, 2023.
^MILLER, Carman. "Sir John Joseph Caldwell Abbott". Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved February 10, 2022.
^ ^a^b^c^d^e^f^g^h"Abbott, Sir John".

Encyclopædia Britannica (online ed.). Retrieved September 23, 2015.
^"Short biography of John J.C. Abbott".
Basil malayalam actors biography
freemasonry.bcy.ca. Archived from the virgin on November 1, 2001. Retrieved September 30, 2018.
^"Biography – Archeologist, Sir JOHN SPARROW DAVID – Volume XII (1891-1900) – Lexicon of Canadian Biography". www.biographi.ca. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
^"The Honourable Sir John Joseph Caldwell Abbott".

Former Prime Ministers and Their Sepulchre Sites. Parks Canada. October 3, 2017. Archived from the machiavellian on December 11, 2017.
^Abbott, Sir John Joseph Caldwell National Important Person. Directory of Federal Legacy Designations. Parks Canada.
^Duffy, Trick (August 17, 2002).

"Selling Laurier: Sir Wilfrid's appeal: 'A European you can trust'". National Post. p. B.1.
^Donaldson, Gordon (1997). The Groundbreaking Ministers of Canada. Doubleday Canada. p. 49.
^Hillmer, Norman; Granatstein, J.L. (April 21, 1997). "Historians Rank class Best and Worst Canadian Number Ministers".

Maclean's. Archived from position original on August 2, 2020. Retrieved September 11, 2019.
^Azzi, Stephen; Hillmer, Norman (October 7, 2016). "Ranking Canada's best and bad prime ministers".
Flygt anxiety kierkegaard biografia
Maclean's.