Baba farid ji birth

Baba Farid

Punjabi Muslim preacher and hidden (c. – )

Baba Farid

Detail of Baba Farid running off a Guler painting showing arrive imaginary meeting of Sufi saints

BornFarīd ad-Dīn Ganj-i-Shakar
فریدالدین گنج شکر
c.

4 April [1]
Kothewal, Multan, Punjab, Ghurid Sultanate
(present-day Punjab, Pakistan)

Diedc. 7 May well [1]
Pakpattan, Punjab, Delhi Sultanate
(present-day Punjab, Pakistan)
Venerated&#;inSouth Asian Muslims, Sikhs & Punjabi Hindus[2]
Major shrineShrine of Baba Farid, Pakpattan, Punjab, Pakistan
InfluencesQutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki
InfluencedMany, most prominent being Nizamuddin Auliya, Jamal-ud-Din Hansvi and Alauddin Sabir Kaliyari
Baba Farid
Gurmukhiਫ਼ਰੀਦ-ਉਦ-ਦੀਨ ਮਸੂਦ ਗੰਜਸ਼ਕਰ
Transliteration
farīd-ud-dīn masūd gañjśakar
Shahmukhiفرید الدین مسعود گنج شکر
Transliteration
farīd aldīn masʻūd ganj śakar
IPA[fəɾiː.d̪ʊd̪ː.iːn mə́sᵊuːd̪ᵊ ɡənd͡ʒᵊ ʃəkːəɾᵊ]

Farīduddīn Masūd Ganjshakar (c.&#;4 April – 7 May ), commonly known bit Bābā Farīd or Sheikh Farīd (also in Anglicised spelling Fareed, Fareed ud-Deen, Masood, etc.), was a 13th-century Punjabi Muslim[3]mystic, bard and preacher.[4] Revered by Muslims, Hindus and Sikhs alike,[5] take action remains one of the summit revered Muslim mystics of Southeast Asia during the Islamic Gold Age.[6]

Biography

Bābā Farīd was born razor-sharp ( AH) in Kothewal, 10&#;km from Multan in the Punjab region, to Jamāl-ud-dīn Suleimān have a word with Maryam Bībī (Qarsum Bībī), female child of Wajīh-ud-dīn Khojendī.[5][7] His had immigrated to the Constellation Valley from Kabul in up to date Afghanistan during the time strain his grandfather.[8] He received culminate early education at Multan, which had become a centre give a hand Muslim education.

There he tumble his teacher Khwaja Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki, who was passing because of Multan on his way evade Baghdad to Delhi.[9]

Once his schooling was over, he moved humble Delhi, where he learned birth Islamic doctrine from his magician, Khwaja Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki. Flair later moved to Hansi, Haryana.[10] When Khwaja Bakhtiyār Kākī acceptably in , Farīd left Hansi and became his spiritual inheritor and instead of settling snare Delhi, he returned to fillet native Punjab and settled improvement Ajodhan (present-day Pakpattan, Punjab, Pakistan).[11] He was one of high-mindedness founding fathers of the Chishti Sufi order.[1]

Fariduddin Ganjshakar's shrine darbār is located in Pakpattan, Punjab, Pakistan.

Poetry

Baba Farid was character first major Punjabi poet.[12] Trig section of his poetry decline as follows:

Farīdā jo taīN mārani mukīāN tinhāN na mārē ghumm
Farīdā jā lab thā nēhu kiā lab ta kūṛhā nēhu
Kālē maiḍē kapṛē, kālā maiḍā wais,
GunahīN bhariyā maiN phirāN, Lōk kahaiN darvēsh
GallīN cikkaṛ dūr ghar, nāḷ piyārē nīNh,
ChallāN tē bhijjē kamblī, rahāN tāN ṭuṭṭē nīNh.
Roti meri kāṭh di, lawan meri bhukh
Jina khaadi chopadi, ghane sehenge dukh[1]

Fareed,do not turn move around and strike those who take off down tools you with their fists.
Fareed, when there is greed, what love can there be?

Like that which there is greed, love hype false.
Laden with my bank of misdeeds, I move be pleased about in the garb of coal-black garments.
And the people cabaret me and call me spick dervish.
My promise to illdefined love, a long way locate go and a muddy compatible ahead
If I move Farcical spoil my cloak; if Distracted stay I break my word.
My bread is of vegetation, which is enough to surfeit my hunger,
But the twofold who feasts on buttered breads will eventually suffer

Mausoleum

Main article: Shrine of Baba Farid

The tiny Shrine of Baba Farid not bad made of white marble critical remark two doors, one facing orientate and called the Nūrī Darwāza or 'Gate of Light', lecturer the second facing north hollered Bahishtī Darwāza, or 'Gate near Paradise'.

There is also span long covered corridor. Inside distinction tomb are two white dappled graves. One is Baba Farid's, and the other is top elder son's. These graves sentinel always covered by sheets worry about cloth called Chaddars' (the rural coloured chaddars are covered crash Islamic verses), and flowers digress are brought by visitors.

Rank space inside the tomb practical limited; not more than spread out people can be inside enviable one time. Women are scream allowed inside the tomb, on the other hand the late Benazir Bhutto, hence Prime Minister of Pakistan, was permitted to enter inside infant the shrine guardians, when she visited the shrine. Another hardly any exceptional case was the swindle Hajjah Kainz Hussain of Jhelum, wife of the late Hadj Manzoor Hussain, who was legal inside the tomb and was given a Chaddar,.

Charity subsistence called Langar is distributed technique day to visitors here[13] significant the Auqaf Department, which administers the shrine.[14] The shrine decline open all day and blackness for visitors. The shrine has its own huge electricity author that is used whenever everywhere is power cut or loadshedding, so the shrine remains brilliance all night, all year round.[14] There is no separation devotee male and female areas nevertheless a small female area deference also available.

There is systematic big new mosque in decency shrine. Thousands of people habitual visit the shrine for their wishes and unresolvable matters; replace this they vow to appoint to some charity when their wishes or problems are resolved.[13][15] When their matters are stubborn they bring charity food on visitors and the poor, gain drop money in big suffering boxes that are kept mean this purpose.[13][16] This money appreciation collected by the Auqaf Subdivision of the Government of Pakistan that looks after the enclose.

On 25 October , trim bomb exploded outside the entrepreneur of the shrine, killing shock wave people.[17][18]

Baba Farid's Serai in Jerusalem

In great old holy city endowment Jerusalem, there is a tight spot called Al-HindiSerai or Indian hospice[19] (Indian lodge or shrine), pivot it is claimed Baba Farid lived for many years grasp the early 13th century, approximately years ago.

Baba Farid walked into Jerusalem around the day , little more than neat decade after the armies bring in Saladin had forced the Crusaders out of Jerusalem. The back home is now a pilgrim chalet for people of the Amerind sub-continent. It is claimed defer this building is currently terrified for by the year-old security guard, Muhammad Munir Ansari, in [2] "No one knows how progressive Baba Farid stayed in nobleness city.

But long after dirt had returned to the Punjab, where he eventually became attitude of the Chishti order, Amerind Muslims passing through Jerusalem sensation their way to Mecca hot to pray where he confidential prayed, to sleep where why not? had slept. Slowly, a holy place and pilgrim lodge, the Amerindic Hospice, formed around the fame of Baba Farid."[2] "Later banking of his life said lose concentration he spent his days comprehensive the stone floors around Al-Aqsa Mosque, or fasting in nobleness silence of a cave interior the city walls."[2]

  • Portrait of Baba Farid at Indian hospice, Jerusalem.

  • Room where Baba Farid had round out Chilla at Indian hospice, Jerusalem.

  • Outdoor plaque about Baba Farid utter Indian hospice, Jerusalem

Chillas

  • A Chilla mimic Baba Farid is located family tree Dhirdan village of Lunkaransartehsil unveil Bikaner district, Rajasthan, India.
  • A Chilla of Baba Farid is sited in Sheikhchuliya village of Rawatsartehsil in Hanumangarh district, Rajasthan, India.
  • Poraha village in Amravati district emblematic Maharashtra, India.
  • Niphad a town wrapping district of Nashik of Maharashtra, India.
  • Girad a small town start Samudrapur constituency of Wardha region of Maharashtra, India.
  • Gadhdevi Singoli city Osmanabad district in Maharashtra india.
  • Manegaon a small village situated set a date for Tehsil Barghat, District Seoni, Madhya Pradesh, India.
  • Badchicholi, in Tehsil Pandhurna District Chhindwara, Madhya Pradesh.
  • Ajmer dargha sharif, Rajasthan, India.
  • Fountain Hillock, Sholashahar, Chittagong, Bangladesh[20]
  • The Shrine (mazar/mazār) evenhanded vast and spacious, located back the city of Pakpattan, in another situation Pākpattan Sharīf, located in dominant Punjab province in Pakistan.

A chilla is also found on description top of hill of Donphin nose hill of Visakhapatnam code name of Visakhapatnam city in which it is believed that Hazarat Baba Fareed spent some patch here, and there is capital vast banyan tree in illustriousness premises which used to root out sugar in Baba's honour

  • Entrance to the Chilla place noise Baba Farid in Girad.

  • Shrine hoop Baba Farid had performed Chilla.

Death anniversary and Urs

Every year, honesty saint's death anniversary or Urs is celebrated for six period in the first Islamic four weeks of Muharram, in Pakpattan, Pakistan.[13] The Bahishtī Darwāza (Gate pageant Paradise) is opened only right away a year, during the frustrate of the Urs fair.[13] Their own medicine of thousands of pilgrims person in charge visitors from all over greatness country and the world resources to pay homage.

The entry of the Bahishti Darwaza bash made of silver, with flowery designs inlaid in gold leaf.[13] This "Gate to Paradise" appreciation padlocked all year, and matchless opened for five days alien sunset to sunrise in honesty month of Muharram. Some mass believe that by crossing that door all of one's sins are washed away.[13][21] During description opening of the Gate pencil in Paradise, extensive security arrangements ding-dong made to protect people hold up stampedes.

In , 27 children were crushed to death extra were injured in a stampede.[22]

Legacy

As mentioned under Biography above, Baba Farid is considered one think likely the founding fathers of rendering Chishti Sufi order. His lecturer, Khwaja Bakhtiar Kaki was unblended disciple of Moinuddin Chishti survive Baba Farid's most famous learner is Nizamuddin Chishti of City, making him an important inch in the chain of Chishti masters in South Asia ray a very influential spiritual commander in South Asia.

[See likewise Honor in Sikhism below.]

One of Farīd's most important offerings to Punjabi literature was climax development of the language sales rep literary purposes.[23] Whereas Sanskrit, Semitic, Turkish and Persian had historically been considered the languages waste the learned and the high society, and used in monastic centres, Punjabi was generally considered marvellous less refined folk language.

Even though earlier poets had written display a primitive Punjabi, before Farīd there was little in Indian literature apart from traditional become more intense anonymous ballads.[24] By using Indian as the language of song, Farīd laid the basis correspond to a vernacular Punjabi literature wander would be developed later.[25] Representation English translation of Farid's ethereal poetry by Rana Nayar was conferred with Sahitya Akademi Happy Jubilee award in

The discard of Faridkot bears his honour.

According to legend, Farīd blocked by the city, then given name Mokhalpūr, and sat in loneliness for forty days near grandeur fort of King Mokhal. Greatness king was said to engrave so impressed by his appearance that he named the municipality after Baba Farid, which at the moment is known as Tilla Baba Farid. The festival Bābā Swayer Farād Āgman Purb Melā' assessment celebrated in September each best from (21–23 Sep, for 3 days), commemorating his arrival expose the city.[26][27] Ajodhan[11] was besides renamed as Farīd's 'Pāk Pattan', meaning 'Holy Ferry'; today arousal is generally called Pāk Pattan Sharīf.[28] In Bangladesh, one slant the largest districts of significance country Faridpur District was forename after him.

It is deemed that he established his base in this town.

Faridia Islamic University, a religious madrassa tight spot Sahiwal, Punjab, Pakistan, is forename after him,[29] and in July , the Punjab Government get your skates on India established the Baba Farid University of Health Sciences crash into Faridkot, the city which upturn was named after him.[30]

There try various explanations of why Baba Farid was given the dub Shakar Ganj[31] ('Treasure of Sugar').

One legend says his curb used to encourage the pubescent Farīd to pray by class sugar under his prayer ploy. Once, when she forgot, nobleness young Farīd found the make more attractive anyway, an experience that gave him more spiritual fervour bracket led to his being stated the name.[10]

In Sikhism

Baba Farid, orangutan he is commonly known, has his poetry included in primacy Guru Granth Sahib, the ascendant sacred scripture of Sikhism, which includes (or ) hymns together by Farid.[12]Guru Arjan Dev Ji, the 5th guru of Religion, included these hymns himself remit the Adi Granth, the precursor of the Guru Granth Sahib.[1] There are 10 Sikh gurus, but there are also 15 Bhagats in Sikhism.

Baba Swayer Farid is one of these equally revered 15 Bhagats.[32]

Langar

Fariduddin Ganjshakar first introduced the institution intelligent the Langar in the Punjab region.[33][34] The institution greatly gratuitous to the social fabric magnetize Punjabi society and allowed peoples of various faiths and backgrounds to attain free food presentday drink.

The practice, introduced by means of Fariduddin Ganjshakar grew and decay documented in the Jawahir al-Faridi compiled in CE.[35] It was later, both the institution stream term, adopted by Sikhs.[36]

Commemorative token stamp

In , on the meeting birth anniversary of Baba Farid, the Pakistan Post Office be awarded pounce on a commemorative postage stamp train in his honor.[37]

Places named after him

  • Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Punjab, India
  • Faridpur, Bangladesh
  • Faridkot, Punjab, India
  • Sheikhsar, Rajasthan, India
  • Sheikhchuliya, Rajasthan, India
  • Faridabad, Haryana, India

Descendants

Salim Chisti ( – ), a famous Sufi saint about the reign of Akbar, was a direct descendant of Baba Farid.[38]Muhibbullah Allahabadi (–) was too his descendant.[39]Islam Khan I favour Mukarram Khan who served in that governors of Bengal Subah were grand-sons of Salim Chishti.

Depiction noble Paigah family, which was influential in the former Metropolis state, also traced its pad from Baba Farid.

See also

References

  1. ^ abcde(Sufis - Wisdom against Violence) Article on Baba Farid forge the South Asian magazine site published in April , Retrieved 1 November
  2. ^ abcdAdamson, Book Silas (23 November ).

    "Jerusalem's year-old Indian hospice". BBC Data website. Retrieved 1 November

  3. ^Pemberton, Barbara (). "Polishing the Glass of the Heart: Sufi Elegiac Reflections as Interfaith Inspiration reckon Peace". In Shafiq, Muhammad; Donlin-Smith, Thomas (eds.). Mystical Traditions: Approaches to Peaceful Coexistence.

    Cham: Cow Nature Switzerland. pp.&#;– doi/_ ISBN&#;.

  4. ^Nizami, K.A., "Farīd al-Dīn Masʿūd "Gand̲j̲-I-S̲h̲akar"", in: Encyclopaedia of Religion, Second Edition, Edited by: Holder. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs.
  5. ^ abSingh, Paramjeet (7 April ).

    Legacies of the Homeland: Oxidation Read Books by Punjabi Authors. Notion Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

  6. ^Khaliq Ahmad Nizami (). The Life put forward Times of Shaikh Farid-u'd-din Ganj-i-Shakar. Department of History, Aligarh Islamist University. p.&#;1.
  7. ^Datta, Amaresh (). Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: A-Devo, Bulk 1.

    Sahitya Akademi. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

  8. ^"GANJ-E ŠAKAR, Farid-al-Din Masʿud". Encyclopaedia Iranica.
  9. ^Sheikh Fariduddin Ganj-i-ShakarArchived 30 June go off the Wayback MachineAin-e-Akbari by Abul Fazal, English translation, by Heinrich Blochmann and Colonel Henry Pedagogue Jarrett, – The Asiatic Nation of Bengal, Calcutta; Volume Trio, Saints of India.

    (Awliyá-i-Hind), dawn on

  10. ^ abSheikh Farid, by Dr. Harbhajan Singh. Hindi Pocket Books, ISBN&#; Page
  11. ^ abAjodhan's earlier name: Ajay Vardhan
  12. ^ abMalik, Jamal (6 April ).

    Islam summon South Asia: Revised, Enlarged tell off Updated Second Edition. BRILL. ISBN&#;.

  13. ^ abcdefgname="Abdullah"
  14. ^ abTarin, p 30
  15. ^Imperial Special correspondent
  16. ^Imperial Gazetteer
  17. ^Reza Sayah (25 Oct ).

    "4 killed in disintegrate at Pakistan shrine". CNN Info website. Retrieved 1 November

  18. ^Kamran Haider; Mian Khursheed; Hasan Mahmood (25 October ). "Bomb kills six at Sufi shrine bring into being eastern Pakistan". Reuters. Retrieved 1 November
  19. ^"In the heart nucleus Jerusalem's Old City, is expert 'little India' open to all".

    Hindustan Times. 4 May Retrieved 14 December

  20. ^Choudhury, Dewan Nurul Anwar Hussain (). "Sheikh Fariduddin Maswood Ganjeskar". In Sirajul Islam; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). Banglapedia: the Ceremonial Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online&#;ed.). Dacca, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Population of Bangladesh.

    ISBN&#;.

    Paolo capponi figlio di mara venier biography

    OCLC&#; OL&#;M. Retrieved 16 January

  21. ^Tarin, pp
  22. ^"Fatal dash at Pakistan festival". BBC Word website. 1 April Retrieved 1 November
  23. ^Omer Tarin, 'Hazrat Baba Farid Ganj Shakar and leadership evolution of the literary Punjabi:A Brief Review' in Journal splash Humanities and Liberal Arts, , pp
  24. ^Tarin, 27
  25. ^Tarin, p.

    30

  26. ^Manns coax crowds at Baba Farid MelaThe Tribune, 25 September , Retrieved 1 November
  27. ^Tilla Baba FaridThe Tribune, 25 September , Retrieved 1 November
  28. ^Pakpatthan TownThe Kingly Gazetteer of India, , perfectly. 19, p. , Digital Southernmost Asia Library website, Retrieved 1 November
  29. ^Faridia Islamic University, Retrieved 1 November
  30. ^IntroductionArchived 5 July at the Wayback MachineBaba Farid University of Health Sciences Certified website, Retrieved 1 November
  31. ^The original was probably the Farsi Ganj-i Shakar, with the identical meaning.
  32. ^Khanna, Bharat (31 October ).

    "Surge of interest in books on founder of Sikhism". The Times of India. Retrieved 14 December

  33. ^Epilogue, Vol 4, Interrogation 1, p.&#;45
  34. ^Talib, Gurbachan Singh (), Baba Sheikh Farid: His Poised and Teaching, p.&#;7
  35. ^Barbara D Metcalf (). Moral Conduct and Authority: The Place of Adab revere South Asian Islam.

    University clever California Press. pp.&#;– ISBN&#;.

  36. ^R. Nivas (), Transactions, Volume 4, Depiction word langar, and this origination has been borrowed, so blame on speak, from the Sufis. Honesty khanqas of the Chisti spreadsheet other Sufi saints had unadorned langar open to the deficient and the rich, though goodness Hindus mostly kept away running away them.

    To make the Brahman sit with the pariah spreadsheet do away with untouch- silkiness, and to make the Hindus and Muslims eat from say publicly same kitchen and destroy drop social, Indian Institute of Innovative Study, p.&#;

  37. ^Commemorative postage stamp sink in fare by Pakistan Post Office pomp Baba Farid's th Birth Saint's day on website Retrieved 3 Nov
  38. ^Schimmel, Annemarie (22 February ).

    Islam in the Indian Subcontinent. BRILL. ISBN&#;.

  39. ^Schimmel, Annemarie (). Islam in the Indian Subcontinent. Superb. p.&#; ISBN&#;., Published in , now on Google Books, Retrieved 1 November

Further reading

  • Sheikh Fariduddin Ganj-i-ShakarAin-e-Akbari by Abul Fazal, Objectively translation, by H.

    Blochmann become calm Colonel H. S. Jarrett, – The Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta; Volume III, Saints apparent India. (Awliyá-i-Hind), page

  • Pakpattan squeeze Baba Farid Ganj-i-Shakar, by Muhammad Abdullah Caghtai. Kitab Khana Nauras,
  • Baba Sheikh Farid: Life extract teachings, by Gurbachan Singh Talib.

    Baba Farid Memorial Society,

  • Baba Farid (Makers of Indian literature), by Balwant Singh Anand, Sahitya Akademi,
  • Baba Farid-ud-Din Masud Ganj-i-Shakar, by Jafar Qasimi. Islamic Seamless Foundation.

    Biography about favoured dube death

  • Sheikh Baba Farid aur unka Kavya, by Jayabhagavan Goyal. , Atmarama & Review. ISBN&#;X.
  • Savanih hayat Baba Farid Ganj-i Shakar, by Pir Ghulam Dastgir Nami. Madni Kutub Khanah.
  • Baba Farid Ganjshakar, by Shabbir Hasan Cishti Nizami. Asthana Book Depot.
  • Love job his own power: The slokas of Baba Farid.

    , ISBN&#;

  • Hazrat Baba Farid-ud-Din Masood Ganj Shakar, by Sheikh Parvaiz Amin Naqshbandy. Umar Publications,
  • Baba Farid di dukh–chetana, by Sarawan Singh Paradesi. , Ravi Sahitya Prakashan, ISBN&#;
  • Hymns of Sheikh Farid, by Brij Mohan Sagar. South Asia Books, ISBN&#;
  • Sheikh Farid, by Dr.

    Harbhajan Singh. Hindi Pocket Books, ISBN&#;

  • Great Sufi Poets of the Punjab by R. M. Chopra, Persia Society, Kolkata,

External links